iCloud ne synchronise pas?

Récemment, lors du remplacement du disque dur (SSD) de mon iMac, et après avoir restauré son contenu à partir de Time Machine (voir mon post sur la meilleure stratégie de backup), je me suis rendu compte que mes dossiers iCloud (Documents & Bureau) avaient un peu de mal et ne semblaient plus se synchroniser avec iCloud. Certains documents modifiés sur mon MacBook Pro n’étaient pas à jour!

En cliquant sur l’icône en forme de barre de progression circulaire du dossier iCloud, une barre de progression s’affiche mais semble ne pas progresser du tout. Je me dis que ça ira mieux demain. Mais rien n’y fait. Le lendemain, la barre n’a pas progressé d’un mm. Il est vrai que j’ai une bonne trentaine de Go dans iCloud et que somme toute, après la restauration des fichiers depuis Time Machine, donc d’une version potentiellement plus ancienne de certains fichiers, on peut se demander comment iCloud va traiter cela. Après tout, ce fichier Excel restauré d’hier semble avoir été placé sur iCloud à l’instant. Quid de sa version plus récente sur le Macbook?

Prenons un exemple, le fichier File.xlsx a été modifié le 16/03/2021 à 16:09:23 sur le Macbook. La restauration Time Machine a récupéré File.xlsx daté du 15/03/2021 à 21:37:43, mais cette restauration a eu lieu le 16/03/2021 à 17:00:00. Que va faire iCloud? La bonne version du fichier est bien celle du Macbook, datée du 16/03/2021 à 16:09:23.

Et bien dans mon cas, iCloud semble un peu perdu et ne synchronise plus. Est-ce ce dilemme la cause de cette hésitation? Allez savoir.

Comment y remédier?

Apple préconise, lorsque iCloud ne synchronise plus, de fermer la session et la rouvrir après redémarrage. Fermer la session, affiche une alerte: vos fichiers seront effacés de ce Mac! Vous pouvez en garder une copie si nécessaire. Dans mon cas, pas besoin de copie, j’ai toujours ma sauvegarde Time Machine et la version dans le Cloud. J’opte donc pour décocher la copie locale et ferme la session.

Après redémarrage de mon ordi, et reconnexion à iCloud, surprise: mes fichiers sont instantanément restaurés dans Documents et Bureau, mais toujours pas synchro! Etrange. Du coup je retente la déconnexion d’iCloud en m’assurant bien d’avoir décoché l’option de copie locale. Je redémarre le Mac, mais avant de reconnecter iCloud, je vérifie le contenu de mes dossiers. Documents et Bureau sont bien vides, mais il existe un dossier à la racine de mon compte sur le disque système: iCloud Drive (Archive). Voilà mo coupable!

Pourtant je ne l’ai pas demandé. Je renomme donc ce dossier en “Mon iCloud Drive (Archive)” avant de rouvrir la session iCloud.

Cette fois c’est bon, mes dossiers Documents et Bureau sont bien vides…. mais restent vides! Je m’attends au moins à voir la structure de ces dossiers apparaître depuis iCloud, mais non rien! Je décide de jouer la montre et je m’occupe d’autre chose, tout en gardant un oeil discret sur mes dossiers. A tout hasard, je crée un dossier “16 Mars” sur le bureau, juste pour voir. J’ouvre mon MacBook Pro et constate que ce dossier ne semble pas y apparaître… Pas d’icône nuage iCloud non plus sur l’iMac…

Et puis soudain, sans prévenir, mes dossiers se remplissent à nouveau depuis iCloud, “17 Mars” apparaît sur le MacBook Pro et tous les autres documents et dossiers descendent du nuage. Ouf! La synchro est rétablie. Mon File.xlsx est daté du 16/03/2021 à 16:09:23, c-à-d la dernière version montée dans iCloud depuis le MacBook Pro. Normal!

Conclusion

La gestion d’iCloud semble coller aux attentes. Cependant, Apple laisse les utilisateurs dans le noir. Un petit tableau de bord qui montrerait l’état de la synchro iCloud ne serait pas un luxe, avec un bouton pour la relancer voire une gestion des conflits éventuels. On peut rêver.

What backup strategy for your Mac?

The recent fire at an OVH cloud hosting data center has brought the security of our data and the need for backups back to the top of our concerns.

How many times have I been called for help by a friend or family member for a broken computer or a failed hard drive. My first question is always the same: “do you have a backup?” And often the answer is the same too: “Uh… no!”

Fortunately enough, Mac owners, you have everything you need at hand for a good backup strategy. As a general rule, it is advisable to always have at least two copies of our data, three is even better.

Let’s imagine some possible and even probable scenarios:

  1. your 10 year old computer crashes, dead. Or your laptop falls into the water as you cycle across a bridge.
  2. you edit an important presentation for tomorrow to be video-conference in front of fifty participants including your boss, but you get tangled up and mistakenly overwrite it with another unimportant presentation. Ten days of work lost. Panic!
  3. a thief breaks into your home and takes your beloved computer with all your photos and videos inside. He also steals external hard drives piled up on your desk. Or worse, a fire breaks out in your house, which is reduced to ashes, from the cellar to the attic.

You are in great trouble, unless you have implemented a backup strategy, which we will describe here.

Let’s start with the different possible options:

  1. iCloud redundancy
  2. Time Machine backup
  3. backup in the cloud


iCloud redundancy

Your important files (Documents, photos) are stored in the Apple Cloud. This protects you in the event of loss, failure or destruction of your computer. Once the computer is repaired or replaced, signing in to the iCloud account will restore all of your documents and photos to the new device. This option has a cost, because the free version is limited to 5GB, which means not much. But it is very practical and comfortable, nothing to do, your documents magically reappear in their original location. Be careful, however, this redundancy does not protect against handling error (overwriting one file by another or throwing in the trash and emptying the trash), because the error is also replicated in the cloud.

Time Machine backup

If there’s one original unbeatable feature on your Mac, it’s Time Machine. Here is a backup system that works in an autonomous, transparent and simple way. All you need is an external hard drive plugged into the Mac and having chosen to make it the backup drive to have a real time machine at hand.

You deleted an important file or made irreversible changes in this document, your week’s work (if not your life). Click on the Time Machine icon and choose “Enter Time Machine”. And your Finder transforms into a true time machine, and shows you the past in perspective. Go back to a specific point in time using the timeline on the right side of the screen. Choose your file and click restore. Time Machine will resuscitate your file to the state it was in at that time. Phew, you are saved.

Try to do the same on Windows, it’s good luck!

Cloud backup

At one time, I used to make copies of my documents, photos and videos on DVD, then later on external hard drives, which I deposited (every 6 months) in a safe in the bank. But it was tedious and the 6 month distance didn’t protect me from losing the most recent data (less than 6 months old, that is).

But today there are solutions in the cloud. These are paid services (count around a hundred euros per year) but they will save you going back and forth to the bank and managing external disks. The principle is simple, these services send a copy of your files to a server in the Cloud, an encrypted and secure copy of course. A bit like Time Machine, but without the timeline: that is, we only back up the latest version of each file. But that is more than enough.

Be careful sending to the cloud is often very slow, because your internet “speed” is not the same going up to the cloud as it is down from the cloud. It took me 4 months for my 1TB of data to be backed up the first time. It takes a long time, but the process can be interrupted and picked up where it left off. We don’t care., it’s transparent.

This completely off-site cloud backup system protects you from your worst nightmare: the destruction of the house. Not only did you lose everything, your house but also all your belongings, but also your memories, photos and videos of your children and other memorable vacations. If you have opted for this backup in the cloud: your memories are safe and sound, provided you remember your password or encryption key. If you wrote it in your notebook in the third drawer, you’re screwed.

Back to our worst case scenarios

Your 10 year old computer crashes, dead. Or your laptop falls into the water as you cycle across a bridge.

In this case, iCloud redundancy or Time Machine backup are your lifeline. iCoud will magically make your files reappear as if you were on the same computer. Time Machine also offers the possibility of restoring all your applications, as long as their version is compatible with your brand new computer and its latest version of OSX.

You edit an important presentation for tomorrow to do on video conference, but you get tangled up and mistakenly overwrite it with another unimportant presentation. Three days of work lost.

Here it is clearly Time Machine that will save you the day. You will be able to go back in time to a little before that fateful moment when you committed the irreparable (not so irreparable after all).

A thief breaks into your home and takes your precious computer with all your photo and video memories. It also takes external hard drives piled up on your desk. Or a fire breaks out in your house, which is reduced to ashes, from the cellar to the attic.

Everything went up in smoke, including your small NAS file server in the basement which was so handy for your Time Machine backups and also served as a video server for your big screen TV (which also went up in smoke). Fortunately, you have subscribed to this cloud backup service. OK it will take a little while to download everything back to your new Mac in your new home.

In conclusion, you understand that the three solutions are complementary and you will not regret the annual cost of these if the worst were to happen.

Go ahead, don’t wait any longer.

How to use Dropbox in order to share documents between your PC and tablet

If you use both a computer and a tablet or smartphone, it is very useful to be able to share documents between those devices.

Dropbox is a cloud storage solution designed for this exact scenario.

Preliminary note: the USB stick.

The USB stick is kind of the physical version of the cloud in this scenario. But it comes with a major flaw: you will have to manually manage the copies back and forth, and number of versions of the same document will grow rapidly. Suppose you have a document names “first lesson.docx” on your computer and you want to take it on the move on your iPad. You will first make a copy of the document on your USB stick. Before you know, you already have 2 (identical for now) copies of the same document. Once you edit that document on the iPad, you’ll have to save it back onto the USB stick, and not forget to copy it back on your computer, before you can edit it there. And the same process applies to share it again on the iPad via the USB stick. It is rather easy to mess up the versions if you don’t have a strong discipline. Now imagine you are working not on one but tens of documents: managing the versions of those between the USB stick, the computer and the tablet will be a nightmare for sure. USB Stick does not sound like the good option for this scenario.

Here is the scenario: get access to all my documents (or a selection of them) on both my computer and tablet without having to manage file copies and versions manually.

CloudStorageOniPad-dropbox

In this scenario, we need a computer, a tablet or smartphone, a Dropbox account and an application able to edit the document on the computer or the tablet. Let’s take the Word example and assume we have it installed on the computer and the tablet.

Installation process

  1. Get a Dropbox account: Visit Dropbox website https://www.dropbox.com/, in order to sign up or sign in to an existing account. Dropbox is free for up to 5GB of storage.
  2. Install the Dropbox application on the computer: this will create a virtual folder on the computer, that syncs with the cloud storage of Dropbox.
  3. Install Dropbox app on the tablet or smartphone, via the App Store, just like for any other application, and connect to the same Dropbox account created in step 1.
  4. On the computer, move all the desired documents files to the Dropbox folder. This will upload the documents to the cloud storage at Dropbox. This step can take some time depending on the speed of your internet connection upstream.

Viewing and editing documents online

In this scenario, the computer and the tablet are connected to Internet.

Access the document on the computer

  • On the computer, open the document from the Dropbox folder by double-clicking the file. The document opens in Word, in read-write mode.
  • When saving the changes, the document is saved on both the local folder and the cloud storage. The document is in sync.

Access the document on the tablet

  • On the tablet, start the Word app
  • In the Open menu, you have first to add the Places where your documents are stores, such as Dropbox (in this case) or Dropbox, or any other stotage service.
    ajouteremplacement
    emplacements-Dropbox
  • Obviously you’ll have to connect to Dropbox using the same account as previously 😉
  • You can now see your documents in the Dropbox folder and open them by simply clicking them.
  • In order to edit, just tap the cursor where needed and start typing.
  • In order to end editing and save the document, simply tap the left arrow on top left corner of the screen.
    wordH-sauver
  • The document is automatically saved into the Dropbox cloud and becomes available on the computer (in sync).

Offline mode variant

The Dropbox app on the tablet allows to make a document available offline.

  • On the tablet, launch the Dropbox app;
  • Navigate to the desired document;
  • Tap the little down arrow icon on the right and select Make Available Offline
    make avail offline dropbox
  • The document is now available offline.

Full edit mode and sync!

As opposed to OneDrive, Dropbox allows full edition mode offline. Just click the Edit button in the Offline Copy warning.
offline edit

You can now edit the document offline. At next connection the changes will be sync’d back to the Dropbox cloud. This is fully transparent and works very nicely.

Conclusion

Dropbox is really superior Cloud storage solution thanks to these full fledge offline capabilities, despite the lower storage capacity for free and the only 1TB pay option at 100EUR/year. 1TB might be too much.

Feel free to share your own experience with this using the comments.

How to use OneDrive to share documents between your PC and tablet

If you use both a computer and a tablet or smartphone, it is very useful to be able to share documents between those devices.

Microsoft OneDrive is a cloud storage solution designed for this exact scenario.

Preliminary note: the USB stick.

The USB stick is kind of the physical version of the cloud in this scenario. But it comes with a major flaw: you will have to manually manage the copies back and forth, and number of versions of the same document will grow rapidly. Suppose you have a document names “first lesson.docx” on your computer and you want to take it on the move on your iPad. You will first make a copy of the document on your USB stick. Before you know, you already have 2 (identical for now) copies of the same document. Once you edit that document on the iPad, you’ll have to save it back onto the USB stick, and not forget to copy it back on your computer, before you can edit it there. And the same process applies to share it again on the iPad via the USB stick. It is rather easy to mess up the versions if you don’t have a strong discipline. Now imagine you are working not on one but tens of documents: managing the versions of those between the USB stick, the computer and the tablet will be a nightmare for sure. USB Stick does not sound like the good option for this scenario.

Here is the scenario: get access to all my documents (or a selection of them) on both my computer and tablet without having to manage file copies and versions manually.

CloudStorageOniPad

In this scenario, we need a computer, a tablet or smartphone, a OneDrive account from Microsoft (or any Office 365 account) and an application able to edit the document on the computer or the tablet. Let’s take the Word example and assume we have it installed on the computer and the tablet.

Installation process

  1. Get a OneDrive account: Visit Microsoft website https://onedrive.live.com, in order to sign up or sign in to an existing account. OneDrive if free for up to 5GB of storage.
  2. Install thé OneDrive application on the computer: this will create a virtual folder on the computer, that syncs with the cloud storage of OneDrive.
  3. Install OneDrive app on the tablet or smartphone, via the App Store, just like for any other application, and connect to the same OneDrive account created in step 1.
  4. On the computer, move all the desired documents files to the OneDrive folder. This will upload the documents to the cloud storage at oneDrive. This step can take some time depending on the speed of your internet connection upstream.

Viewing and editing documents online

In this scenario, the computer and the tablet are connected to Internet.

Access the document on the computer

  • On the computer, open the document from the OneDrive folder by double-clicking the file. The document opens in Word, in read-write mode.
  • When saving the changes, the document is saved on both the local folder and the cloud storage. The document is in sync.

Access the document on the tablet

  • On the tablet, start the Word app
  • In the Open menu, you have first to add the Places where your documents are stores, such as OneDrive (in this case) or Dropbox, or any other stotage service.
    ajouteremplacementemplacements
  • Obviously you’ll have to connect to OneDrive using the same account as previously 😉
  • You can now see your documents in the OneDrive folder and open them by simply clicking them.
  • In order to edit, just tap the cursor where needed and start typing.
  • In order to end editing and save the document, simply tap the left arrow on top left corner of the screen.
    wordH-sauver
  • The document is automatically saved into the OneDrive cloud and becomes available on the computer (in sync).

Offline mode variant

The OneDrive app on the tablet allows to make a document available offline.

  • On the tablet, launch the OneDrive app;
  • Navigate to the desired document;
  • Press and hold the document name in order to select it. A little v icon appears on the left to show the file is selected.
    hors-connexion
  • Tap on the parachute icon, that becomes a striked parachute, denoting the offline available option;
  • The document is now available offline.

Read-only mode!

However, the offline mode only allows read-only access to the document! In order to edit the document, it is mandatory to duplicate it locally on the iPad. And  it is not possible to duplicate it in the OneDrive folder offline. This is not (currently?) supported by the app.
duplicate

The local copy will therefor be stored on the tablet, with the side effect to have to manage copies and versions manually just like with a USB stick (see preliminary note above).

Conclusion

OneDrive is great to share documents between a computer and a tablet, as long as they are connected at all times. Offline access is rather archaic…

Feel free to share your own experience with this using the comments.

 

Comment utiliser Dropbox pour partager des fichiers entre PC et iPad

Lorsqu’on travaille avec un ordinateur (PC ou Mac) et une tablette (iPad ou autre), il est utile de pouvoir partager ses documents entre Ces divers appareils.

Dans un article précédent, nous avons vu Comment utiliser OneDrive pour partager des fichiers entre PC et iPad.

Note préliminaire: la clé USB.

La solution clé USB est la version physique du nuage. Elle présente l’inconvénient majeur de devoir gérer manuellement les multiples copies d’un même fichier entre le ou les ordinateurs et la tablette ou le smartphone. Par exemple, si j’ai un document appelé “première leçon.docx” sur mon ordi et désire l’emporter pour le visualiser ou le modifier sur un iPad, je commence par faire une copie du document sur ma clé USB. Me voilà avec deux versions (pour l’instant identiques) de mon document. Lorsque j’éditerai ce document sur la tablette, il me faudra sauvegarder cette nouvelle version sur la clé, et surtout ne pas oublier de la recopier sur l’ordinateur avant de l’éditer à nouveau. Et recommencer ce processus pour le partager à nouveau sur la tablette  via la clé. On voit aisément qu’il est facile de se tromper entre les différentes versions du document, si on n’adopte pas une discipline d’enfer. Maintenant imaginez que vous travailliez non pas sur un document, mais sur une dizaine voire une centaine de documents… cauchemardesque! La clé USB n’est donc pas une solution idéale pour ce scénario…

Voici donc le scénario: avoir accès à tous mes documents (ou à tout le moins une sélection de ceux-ci) sur mon ordinateur et ma tablette sans devoir jongler avec une clé USB et de multiples copies de mes documents.CloudStorageOniPad-dropbox

Pour ce scénario nous avons besoin d’un ordinateur (PC ou Mac n’importe pas) et d’une tablette ou smartphone, un compte Dropbox, et une application capable d’ouvrir mes documents sur l’ordi et sur la tablette. Pour simplifier, imaginons que les documents sont des documents Word et que l’application Word est disponible sur l’ordinateur et sur la tablette.

Procédure d’installation

  1. Créer un compte Dropbox: rendez-vous sur le site https://www.dropbox.com/ , pour s’inscrire ou se connecter à un compte existant. Dropbox est gratuit et offre 2,5GB de stockage. Pour plus de capacité, des formules payantes sont disponibles, ainsi que le parrainage d’amis qui offre des suppléments gratuits de stockage.
  2. Installer l’application Dropbox sur l’ordinateur: cela va créer un dossier virtuel sur le disque local de l’ordinateur, lequel dossier sera synchronisé (répliqué) dans le nuage du service Dropbox.
  3. Installer l’application Dropbox sur la tablette ou l’iphone, via l’App Store, comme pour n’importe quelle autre application. Et se connecter à Dropbox en utilisant le même compte qu’au point 1. ci-dessus.
  4. Sur l’ordinateur, déplacer les fichiers que l’on désire partager dans le dossier Dropbox ou un sous-dossier. Les documents seront téléversés (uploadés) vers le nuage et seront dès lors accessibles depuis n’importe quel ordinateur ou tablette connecté à ce compte Dropbox. Cette étape de chargement initial des fichiers dans le cloud peut durer assez longtemps en fonction de la vitesse de la connexion Internet montante.

Visualisation et édition de documents en mode connecté

Dans ce scénario, et l’ordinateur et la tablette sont connectés à Internet.

Accès au document sur l’ordinateur

  • Sur l’ordinateur, ouvrir un document Word en double-cliquant le fichier dans le dossier Dropbox. Le document s’ouvre dans Word et peut-être édité.
  • Lors de la sauvegarde des modifications, le document est sauvegardé à la fois sur le disque dur de l’ordinateur et dans le nuage Dropbox.

Accès au document sur la tablette

  • Sur la tablette, lancer l’application Word
  • Dans le menu Ouvrir, il faut au préalable ajouter les emplacements où les documents sont susceptibles de se trouver: Dropbox dans ce cas, mais aussi éventuellement d’autres services tels que OneDrive ou iCloud.
    ajouteremplacement
    emplacements-Dropbox
  • Il faut aussi se connecter à Dropbox avec le même compte que précédemment (évidemment 😉
  • On peut maintenant voir les documents stockés sur Dropbox (dans le nuage donc) depuis la tablette. Il suffit de cliquer un document pour qu’il s’ouvre dans Word sur la tablette.
  • Pour éditer le document, il suffit de placer le curseur à l’endroit du document voulu pour entrer en mode édition.
  • Pour terminer (et sauvegarder le document) il suffit de cliquer sur la flèche vers la gauche en haut à gauche de l’écran
    wordH-sauver
  • Le document est automatiquement enregistré dans le nuage Dropbox et disponible sur l’ordinateur ainsi que la tablette pour être modifié à nouveau.

Variante en mode hors connexion (déconnecté ou offline)

L’application Dropbox sur iPad, permet de rendre un document disponible hors connexion.

  • Sur la tablette, lancer l’application Dropbox;
  • Naviguer vers le fichier (document) voulu;
  • Cliquer sur la petite flèche vers le bas, sur la droite du document et choisir “Make available offline” ou son équivalent en français
    make avail offline dropbox
  • Le document est maintenant disponible hors connexion sur l’iPad ou l’iPhone

Edition offline complète et synchronisée!

Contrairement à OneDrive, il est possible d’éditer un document en mode offline. Pour ce faire il suffit de cliquer sur Editer dans le message d’alerte “Offline Copy”.
offline edit

Lors de la prochaine connexion à Internet, le document ainsi modifié sera automatiquement resynchronisé avec le service Dropbox dans le nuage et les modifications apparaîtront comme par magie sur tous les appareils connectés à ce compte Dropbox, le PC, le Mac et ou la tablette.

En conclusion, le service Dropbox est largement supérieur au service OneDrive par cette fonctionnalité d’édition offline, malgré que l’espace de stockage gratuit soit moitié moindre et l’option payante un peu plus chère (99EUR / an pour 1 TB).

N’hésitez pas à partager votre propre expérience via les commentaires.